Tirana has been the
capital of Albania since 1020. It is relatively a new city created in 1614 from Sulejman Bargjini, feudal chief of the area at the time. The city began to grow
at the beginning of the 18th century. Today Tirana is only the most
populated city in Albania but also the most important political and economic
center in the country. Just at the center, at Scanderbeg Square, there is the
Clock Tower (35 m high) built in 1830.The Palace
of Culture housing the Opera and Ballet Theatre and National Library are next to
the main square. In Tirana there are also other important institutions such as
the Historical and national museum, the Museum of natural Sciences, the Archaeological Museum,
The National Gallery of Fine Arts, the International Center of Business, the
Palace of Congress etc. One can enjoy the best view from the “Martyrs Cemetery”
which contains the Monument of “Mother Albania”. Tirana is famous for its
greenery and long warm season. The
Adriatic Sea and Dajti Mountain
are near the city. It takes you less than one hour drive to reach the sea. An
artificial lake is located immediately at the Southern part of the city.
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DURRES
The city was founded in
627 B.C. as a Greek colony and was originally baptized Epidamnos and later on
Dyrrachium. From the Venetian Tower rises over the harbor, the road leads to the
amphitheatre, which is the biggest of the Balkan Peninsula (capacity 15.000
spectators) dating back to the 2d century A.D. and preserving an early Christian
crypt with a rare wall mosaics.During the 1st and 3d centuries,
Durres played an important role as a trading center on via Egnatia linking Rome
with Byzantium (Istanbul). Due to the great number of earthquakes much of
ancient Durres sank into the sea or collapsed and was subsequently rebuilt.
Today the city is known for the nearby beach resort of “Plazh-Durres” with sandy
beaches and warm sea water. Apart from being one of the main archeological
centers it is also most important seaport in Albania.
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Kruja is a medieval town
near Tirana. It is on the slope of a mountain. The name Kruja is closely
connected with the mane of the national hero George Kastriot Scanderbeg who
fought against the Ottomans for 25 years in succession, defending European
civilization from their threat in the 15th century. At a prominent
and a strategic place near the city. There is a castle housing the Scanderbeg Museum
(national Museum). A medieval bazaar is on the way to the castle.
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It is known as the city
of one thousand windows and is declared a “museum city”. It is built on the
slopes of Tomori mountain, with a castle raising predominantly over the city.
Within its walls there are dwelling houses and the “Onufri Museum”.
Paintings by the outstanding Albanian painter of the 16th century by
Onufri and his son Nikolla are exhibited there. The old part of the city has
some religious buildings like mosques and Byzantine churches. The old name of
the city was Antipatrea.
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Vlora is coastal city. As
an ancient dwelling place it is known by the IV century B.C. as AULONA. It is
not only of the major sea-ports, but also of great historical importance as it
was there in 1912 the Assembly was convened to proclaim Albania as an
independent state and to set up the first National Government headed by Ismail
Qemali. On a hill above the city one can enjoy the religious place of bektashi
sect “Kus Baba”. From there you can see the beach and the view of the whole
city. Vlora is blessed with warm climate, rocky and sandy beaches. It is the
gateway to Albanian Riviera.
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Albanias
most Southern coastal city remains completely unspoiled. Situated opposite Corfu
island, Saranda is now mostly visited by day trippers who came to enjoy this
previously inaccessible resort. The old city was called ONHEZMI, and it was
destroyed at the V century by the overruns of barbers.
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Located 12 km from Fier,
Apolonia is one of the most well known archeological sites in the country. In
Roman times, Apolonia was a large prosperous city near the mouth of Vjosa River.
The amphitheatre, a colonnade of shops and several other parts of the Roman city
center are open to the public. Unfortunately, some of the statues and other
portable objects were removed before 1946 and sent to other countries. The
remaining ones have been exhibited in a museum, which is to be found on the site
of the 13th century monastery. In the courtyard of the monastery
there is a Byzantine style church believed to have been built in the 14th
century. Here visitors can see some monuments of Agnotheteve, Odeon, Portic, the
Mosaics House, Fontana and the Church of Saints Mary.
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POGRADECI
Pogradec is one of the
most charming tourist resorts in Albania because of its position on Lake Ohrid
which distinguished itself for clear water and mountain views. The Koran fish,
similar to trout, is found in this like. Besides the beautiful beach, your stay
in Pogradec is made more interesting by the excursion to the tourist center of
Drilon (5 km eastward) surrounded by ornamental plant and trees.
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It is one of the major
cities in the North Western part of country. For several years as a chief center
of the Illyrian state was known by the ancient nema SCODRA. It is situated near
the lake sharing the same name and along the road leading to Montenegro. It is
an ancient city with a rich history. One can find old characteristic houses
where wood and other traditional motifs are used. Shkodra is rich in historical
museums and other cultural heritage. Near the city of Shkodra there is a castle
of Rozafa, built on a rocky hill from where you can see attractie and beautiful
views. During your stay in the city, you can visit the castle, the medieval Mesi
Bridge ( 8 km away) and take a trip to Albanian Alps.
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The ancient town of
Butrint is situated in the vicinity of Saranda, in the far South-Western of
Albania. The archaeological excavations have shown that Butrint has been an
important center of Illyrian tribes with a known settlement since 1000 B.C. It
belonged to the Greek and Roman Empire during its long history and both have
left a rich legacy. Several objects dating from the 1st and 4th
centuries A.D are exposed and available to the tourist, among them a theatre,
the Temple of Aesculapius, Baptistry, Nympheu. Do not forget to visit the
Baptistery adorned in colorful mosaics. Butrint is under UNESCO protection.
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KORCA
It is the largest city in
the South-Eastern part of Albania. It is situated at the foot of Morava Mountain
on a plateau 800m above sea level. It became an important trading and handicraft
center in the 18th century due to the development of trade with
neighboring regions. The museum of Medieval Art (National Museum) is in Korca.
It presents the material culture of the Albanian people. Interesting is also the
first Albanian school, opened in 1878, houses this museum.
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One of the most important
cities in the Southern part of Albania has been declared a “Museum City”. It is
built on the slope of a mountain and is known for its characteristic of medieval
towers constituting a building ensemble with peculiar architecture. The castle
rises up as a balcony over the city. It provides the possibility to the visitors
to enjoy the very beautiful landscape. The castle houses in its interiors the
National Museum of Weapons. Weapons produced and used by Albanians from ancient
time until the Second World War.The old name of the town was ARGYROKASTRA, by
the year 1336.
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